A new reality for foreign citizens: an analysis of changes in Russia’s migration policy for 2024-2025
Russia’s migration policy is undergoing a period of significant transformations aimed, according to the authorities, at improving security and streamlining migration flows. Legislative changes that have entered into force and are about to enter into force in 2024-2025 significantly affect the conditions of stay and employment of foreign citizens in the Russian Federation. Let’s look at the key innovations and their potential impact.
Stricter rules of entry and stay:
One of the most noticeable changes is the reduction of the maximum period of visa-free stay in Russia. From January 1, 2025, it is reduced from 180 to 90 days during the calendar year. This, according to lawmakers, should reduce the level of illegal migration, forcing foreign citizens to issue the necessary documents for a longer stay. However, in practice, this can lead to an increase in the number of violations of migration legislation and the creation of a “gray” zone of labor migration.
An even more significant change was the expansion of the powers of the border guard service. Starting from February 5, 2025, border guards will have the right to refuse entry to foreigners based on the assumption of a threat to Russia’s security. This is a rather vague formulation that raises concerns about possible arbitrariness and subjectivity in decision-making. The absence of the need to appeal to other authorities speeds up the process, but at the same time increases the risks for foreigners who are unable to appeal the decision on the spot.
Restrictions on communication and ownership of property:
- The introduction of a limit on the possession of SIM cards (no more than 10 cards per foreign citizen from January 1, 2025) is also aimed at combating illegal activities. However, this step may create inconveniences for legal migrants who use several cards for work or personal needs.
- The plans include a ban on the sale of weapons to foreign citizens, which is standard practice in most countries of the world in order to ensure national security.
- The issue of mandatory fingerprinting for all foreign citizens is also being discussed, which will certainly strengthen the control and identification of migrants.
Regional features:
It is important to note that in addition to federal changes, Russian regions can introduce their own restrictions and rules regarding migration. Therefore, foreign citizens should carefully study not only federal legislation, but also local regulations.
Conclusion:
Changes in Russia’s migration policy in 2024-2025 indicate a course towards stricter controls and stricter requirements for foreign citizens. Although the stated goal is to combat illegal migration and improve security, some innovations raise concerns about possible negative consequences for legal migrants and the potential growth of bureaucratic barriers. Further development of the situation will require careful monitoring and analysis of the effectiveness of the measures introduced. Foreigners planning to visit or reside in Russia should carefully study the current legislation and consult with experts in the field of migration law.